Schäfer wrote:The Japanese airforce version of a 'Banzai' charge was a Kamikaze attack (meaning 'Divine Wind'.)
In reality, however, the Japanese didn't have an airforce as such, like the RAF. Their planes were affiliated to the Army and Navy.
Another example of the problems the Japanese had during the war, because the Army and Navy didn't really get on each had to have there own seperate airforces because neither would support each other during an attack.
Fwbl Dollman wrote:Didn't the IMperial Japanes Navy have some suicide swuads too? either midget subs or boats?????? What were they called and were any of them successful?
Yes the Japanese Navy had both suicide boats and midnet subs.
The Navy boats were called Shinyo and the Armies suicide boats were called Maru-ni. These were successful in a number of attacks.
Great numbers -- 6,200 Navy (Shinyo) and 3,000 Army (Maru-ni) -- were built and stored in caves for the invasion. 400 were at Okinawa and Formosa; thousands waited in the coves of Japan proper. The speedboat had one man and, typically, two depth charges as explosives. See stories
10Jan45. LCI(G)-365 and LCI(M)-974 sunk by Japanese suicide boats in Lingayen Gulf, Luzon, Philippines.
31Jan45. PC-1129 sunk by Japanese suicide boat off Nasugbu, Luzon, Philippine Islands.
16Feb45. LCS(L)-7, LCS(L)-26, and LCS(L)-49 sunk by suicide boats off Mariveles, Corregidor Channel, Luzon.
4 April 45. USS LCI(G)-82 and LSM-12 sunk by Japanese suicide boats off Okinawa.
27April 45. USS Hutchins (DD-476) seriously damaged by a Japanese suicide boat in Buckner Bay, Okinawa, and not repaired after the end of the war.
Hundreds, if not thousands, planned for defense of home islands.
The midget subs were called Kaiten and weren't very successful considering the number of crews lost.
48 feet, 3 feet diameter, 8.3 tons, 3,400 pound TNT warhead.
11Jan45. Begin Operation KONGO, employing suicide torpedoes [Kaitens]. I-36 launches Kaitens that damage ammunition ship Mazama (AE-9) and infantry landing craft LCI-600 at Ulithi.
12 Jan45. Operation KONGO continues; submarine I-47 launches Kaitens that damage U.S. freighter Pontus H. Ross off Hollandia, New Guinea. Kaiten attacks I 53 at Kossol Roads, Palau; I 56 at Manus, in the Admiralties; and by I 58 at Apra Harbor, Guam, are not successful.
20Jan45. Operation KONGO concludes with Japanese submarine I-48 carrying out unsuccessful Kaiten attack on U.S. shipping at Ulithi. I-48 is sunk by destroyer escorts 23Jan45.
28Mar45. Japanese submarine I-47 (equipped with Kaitens) is damaged by 5th Fleet surface ships/craft off Okinawa and forced to return to Kure for repairs.
From 26Apr45 to 10Aug45, ten ships were reported sunk. Other Kaiten contacts include:
6 May45. Submarine I-366, en route to take delivery of Kaitens, is damaged by mine off Hikari.
27May45. Destroyer escort Gilligan (DE-508) is damaged by dud torpedo Kaiten launched from Japanese submarine I-367.
28June45. Japanese submarine I-36 carries out unsuccessful Kaiten attack on stores ship Antares (AKS-3) southeast of the Marianas, destroyer Sproston (DD-577) comes to Antares's aid, sinking one Kaiten and damaging I-36.
24July45. Destroyer escort Underhill (DE-682), destroyed while intercepting 4 Kaitens from Japanese submarine I-53 off Luzon.
5 Aug45. Destroyer escort Earl V. Johnson (DE-702) is damaged by explosion--near-miss of Kaiten fired by submarine I-53, Philippine Sea.
9 Aug45. Destroyer escort Johnnie Hutchins (DE-360) on the convoy route between Leyte and Okinawa, sinks what may have been Kaitens launched by I-58.
12Aug45. Japanese submarine I-58 conducts unsuccessful Kaiten attack on dock landing ship Oak Hill (LSD-7) while she is en route from Okinawa to Leyte Gulf.
A shore based Kaiten station was established on the SE tip of Kyushu in preparation for the invasion, on Hachijojima Island, and others were being prepared on Shikoku and Honshu.